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MCP Authorization

MCP Keycloak OAuth Policy

Use the MCP Keycloak OAuth policy to protect an MCP virtual server with gateway-issued OAuth tokens while delegating browser login to a Keycloak realm.

Configuration

The configuration shows how to configure the policy in the 'policies.json' document.

config/policies.json
{
  "name": "my-mcp-keycloak-oauth-inbound-policy",
  "policyType": "mcp-keycloak-oauth-inbound",
  "handler": {
    "export": "McpKeycloakOAuthInboundPolicy",
    "module": "$import(@zuplo/runtime)",
    "options": {
      "browserLoginOverrides": {
        "remoteTimeoutMs": 10000,
        "sessionTtlSeconds": 28800,
        "stateTtlSeconds": 900
      },
      "clientId": "$env(KEYCLOAK_CLIENT_ID)",
      "clientSecret": "$env(KEYCLOAK_CLIENT_SECRET)",
      "gateway": {
        "accessTokenTtlSeconds": 900,
        "cimdEnabled": true,
        "refreshTokenTtlSeconds": 2592000
      },
      "keycloakBaseUrl": "https://sso.example.com",
      "realm": "master",
      "scope": "openid profile email"
    }
  }
}

Policy Configuration

• name <string> - The name of your policy instance. This is used as a reference in your routes.
• policyType <string> - The identifier of the policy. This is used by the Zuplo UI. Value should be mcp-keycloak-oauth-inbound.
• handler.export <string> - The name of the exported type. Value should be McpKeycloakOAuthInboundPolicy.
• handler.module <string> - The module containing the policy. Value should be $import(@zuplo/runtime).
• handler.options <object> - The options for this policy. See Policy Options below.

Policy Options

The options for this policy are specified below. All properties are optional unless specifically marked as required.

• keycloakBaseUrl (required) <string> - The absolute URL for the Keycloak server root. Do not include /realms/{realm}; set the realm option separately.
• realm (required) <string> - The Keycloak realm name.
• clientId (required) <string> - The Keycloak OIDC client_id registered for the gateway's browser login flow.
• clientSecret (required) <string> - The Keycloak OIDC client_secret. Use $env(...) to source from a secret environment variable.
• scope <string> - OIDC scopes requested during browser login. Defaults to "openid profile email".
• gateway <object> - Gateway-side OAuth token settings. The gateway issuer and advertised URLs are derived from the incoming request origin.
  • accessTokenTtlSeconds <integer> - Lifetime of access tokens issued by /oauth/token. Defaults to 900.
  • refreshTokenTtlSeconds <integer> - Lifetime of refresh tokens issued by /oauth/token. Defaults to 2592000.
  • cimdEnabled <boolean> - Whether to advertise client_id_metadata_document_supported in AS metadata. Defaults to true.
• browserLoginOverrides <object> - Optional overrides for the derived browser-login settings.
  • remoteTimeoutMs <integer> - No description available. Defaults to 10000.
  • stateTtlSeconds <integer> - No description available. Defaults to 900.
  • sessionTtlSeconds <integer> - No description available. Defaults to 28800.

Using the Policy

MCP Keycloak OAuth

The MCP Keycloak OAuth policy is a provider-specific wrapper around the generic MCP OAuth inbound policy. It keeps the gateway OAuth behavior the same, but lets you configure Keycloak with the values an administrator normally has:

• keycloakBaseUrl
• realm
• clientId
• clientSecret

The policy derives the Keycloak realm issuer, JWKS URL, authorization endpoint, and token endpoint from Keycloak's OpenID Connect endpoint layout.

Code
{
  "name": "keycloak-oauth",
  "policyType": "mcp-keycloak-oauth-inbound",
  "handler": {
    "export": "McpKeycloakOAuthInboundPolicy",
    "module": "$import(@zuplo/runtime)",
    "options": {
      "keycloakBaseUrl": "https://sso.example.com",
      "realm": "customer-portal",
      "clientId": "$env(KEYCLOAK_CLIENT_ID)",
      "clientSecret": "$env(KEYCLOAK_CLIENT_SECRET)"
    }
  }
}

If your Keycloak deployment uses a path prefix, include it in keycloakBaseUrl:

Code
{
  "keycloakBaseUrl": "https://sso.example.com/auth",
  "realm": "customer-portal",
  "clientId": "$env(KEYCLOAK_CLIENT_ID)",
  "clientSecret": "$env(KEYCLOAK_CLIENT_SECRET)"
}

Do not include /realms/{realm} in keycloakBaseUrl; set realm separately.

Read more about how policies work